I'rab of Surah Al-Inshiqaq Ayah 8: word by word Arabic grammar
Surah Al-Inshiqaq (الانشقاق) · Meccan · Ayah 8
فَسَوْفَ يُحَاسَبُ حِسَابًۭا يَسِيرًۭا TransliterationFa-sawfa yuhasabu hisaban yasira(n)
Meaninghe will be reckoned with an easy reckoning,
This verse is the response to the condition introduced by amma in the previous verse. The particle fa- links the answer, sawfa marks the future, and the passive verb yuhasab is followed by hisaban, an absolute object (maf'ul mutlaq), described by the adjective yasiran.
Word by word i'rab
response-linking particle + future particle
The fa- binds this clause as the answer to the preceding conditional amma, and sawfa marks futurity for the verb that follows.
indeclinablepresent passive verb
Yuhasab is an imperfect passive verb in the nominative (indicative) mood, its deputy agent being the referent of man from the previous verse.
nominativeabsolute object (maf'ul mutlaq)
Hisaban is an accusative cognate object reinforcing the verb yuhasab and carrying its description.
accusativeadjective (na't) of the absolute object
Yasiran is an accusative adjective qualifying hisaban, agreeing with it in case and indefiniteness.
accusativeDetailed i'rab
This verse supplies the response (jawab) to the conditional amma that opened verse seven, the answer being introduced by the linking fa-. The future particle sawfa precedes and applies to the verb. Yuhasab is an imperfect passive verb in the indicative (nominative) mood, and its deputy agent is the referent of man mentioned earlier. The accusative hisaban is a cognate or absolute object (maf'ul mutlaq) that emphasizes and quantifies the verbal action of reckoning. The following yasiran is an accusative adjective (na't) describing hisaban; it agrees with its noun in case and in being indefinite, conveying that the reckoning will be light and easy.
Frequently asked
What is an absolute object and why is hisaban one?
An absolute object (maf'ul mutlaq) is a verbal noun placed in the accusative to emphasize or describe the verb. Hisaban derives from the same root as yuhasab and reinforces the act of reckoning.
Why is yasiran accusative?
Yasiran is an adjective describing the accusative noun hisaban, so it follows its noun in case and takes the accusative ending as well.