I'rab of Surah Al-Inshiqaq Ayah 9: word by word Arabic grammar
Surah Al-Inshiqaq (الانشقاق) · Meccan · Ayah 9
وَيَنقَلِبُ إِلَىٰٓ أَهْلِهِۦ مَسْرُورًۭا TransliterationWa yanqalibu ila ahlihi masrura(n)
Meaningand he will return to his people joyful.
This verse continues the description of the blessed person. The conjunction wa- joins the verb yanqalib to the earlier verb. The prepositional phrase ila ahlihi is attached to yanqalib, and masruran is a circumstantial accusative (hal) describing the subject of yanqalib.
Word by word i'rab
conjunction + present verb
The wa- joins this clause to the preceding response, and yanqalib is an imperfect verb in the indicative (nominative) mood whose subject is the same blessed person.
nominativepreposition
Ila is a genitive-governing preposition introducing the destination of the returning.
indeclinableobject of preposition, attached to the verb
Ahlihi is genitive after ila, and the whole phrase is linked to the verb yanqalib; the pronoun hi is genitive as possessor.
genitivecircumstantial accusative (hal)
Masruran is an accusative hal describing the state of the subject of yanqalib, namely that he returns rejoicing.
accusativeDetailed i'rab
The verse extends the reward described in verse eight, joined by the conjunction wa-. Yanqalib is an imperfect verb in the indicative (nominative) mood, and its subject is the implied pronoun referring back to the person given his record in the right hand. The preposition ila governs ahlihi in the genitive, and this prepositional phrase is attached to the verb yanqalib, marking the destination of his return; the suffix pronoun hi is genitive as a possessor. The final word masruran is an accusative circumstantial qualifier (hal) describing the condition of the subject as he returns, indicating that he goes back to his family in a state of joy and delight.
Frequently asked
What is a hal and how does masruran function as one?
A hal is a circumstantial accusative describing the state of the subject or object during the action. Masruran describes the person as joyful at the moment of returning to his family.
Why is yanqalib in the nominative mood?
Yanqalib is an imperfect verb not preceded by any nasb or jazm particle, so it remains in the default indicative mood marked by the nominative ending.