I'rab of Surah Abasa Ayah 29: word by word Arabic grammar
Surah Abasa (عبس) · Meccan · Ayah 29
وَزَيْتُونًۭا وَنَخْلًۭا TransliterationWa-zaytūnan wa-nakhlā
MeaningAnd olives and date palms,
"And olives and date palms." The list of God's produce continues, each item joined by the conjunction wāw. Zaytūnan (olives) and nakhlan (date palms) are both nouns in the accusative, coordinated onto the earlier objects (grain, grapes, fodder) as further direct objects of the verb anbatnā, "We caused to grow."
Word by word i'rab
conjunction wāw plus coordinated noun (ma'tuf)
The wāw joins this noun to the list; zaytūnan (olives) is accusative, coordinated onto the previous objects of "We caused to grow."
accusativeconjunction wāw plus coordinated noun (ma'tuf)
Nakhlan (date palms) is accusative, joined by the wāw and coordinated onto the preceding nouns as a further object of the verb.
accusativeDetailed i'rab
This verse adds two more items to the running list of vegetation. The first وَ is a coordinating conjunction, and زَيْتُونًا (olives) is a noun coordinated (maʿṭūf) onto the earlier objects such as حَبًّا and عِنَبًا, sharing the accusative case (fatḥah) as an object of أَنۢبَتْنَا ("We caused to grow"). The second وَ is also a conjunction, and نَخْلًا (date palms) is coordinated onto زَيْتُونًا, equally accusative. Both nouns are fully declinable and carry tanwīn. As in the preceding verses, the single verb of growing from verse 27 governs every coordinated noun, so the entire enumeration stays uniformly in the accusative throughout.
Frequently asked
What governs زَيْتُونًا and نَخْلًا grammatically?
Both are coordinated by the wāw onto the direct objects begun in verse 27, so they are governed by the verb أَنۢبَتْنَا ("We caused to grow") and take the accusative.
Is نَخْل singular or collective?
نَخْل is a collective noun meaning date palms; grammatically here it functions as a single coordinated direct object in the accusative.