I'rab of Surah Abasa Ayah 28: word by word Arabic grammar
Surah Abasa (عبس) · Meccan · Ayah 28
وَعِنَبًۭا وَقَضْبًۭا TransliterationWa-ʿinaban wa-qaḍbā
MeaningAnd grapes and fodder,
"And grapes and fodder." This verse continues the list of what God grows, joined by the conjunction wāw. ʿInaban (grapes) and qaḍban (green fodder/herbage) are both nouns in the accusative, coordinated onto ḥabban (grain) from the previous verse as further direct objects of the verb anbatnā ("We caused to grow").
Word by word i'rab
conjunction wāw plus coordinated noun (ma'tuf)
The wāw joins this noun to the previous list; ʿinaban (grapes) is accusative, coordinated onto ḥabban as another object of "We caused to grow."
accusativeconjunction wāw plus coordinated noun (ma'tuf)
Qaḍban (green fodder) is accusative, joined by the wāw and coordinated onto the preceding nouns as a further object of the verb.
accusativeDetailed i'rab
Both items in this verse are coordinated onto the direct object حَبًّا of the previous verse. The first وَ is a coordinating conjunction, and عِنَبًا (grapes) is a noun coordinated (maʿṭūf) onto حَبًّا, sharing its accusative case (fatḥah) as an object of the verb أَنۢبَتْنَا ("We caused to grow"). The second وَ is likewise a conjunction, and قَضْبًا (green fodder or fresh herbage) is coordinated onto عِنَبًا, also accusative. Both nouns are fully declinable (munṣarif) and bear tanwīn. The verse thus extends the catalogue of vegetation that God produces from the soil, every member of the list standing in the accusative because each is governed by the single verb of growing in verse 27.
Frequently asked
Why are عِنَبًا and قَضْبًا both accusative?
Each is coordinated by the wāw onto حَبًّا from verse 27, so they all share its accusative case as objects of the verb أَنۢبَتْنَا ("We caused to grow").
What does قَضْب mean grammatically as a noun?
قَضْب is a singular noun denoting green fodder or freshly cut herbage; here it functions as a coordinated direct object in the accusative.