I'rab of Surah An-Nazi'at Ayah 44: word by word Arabic grammar
Surah An-Nazi'at (النازعات) · Meccan · Ayah 44
إِلَىٰ رَبِّكَ مُنتَهَىٰهَآ TransliterationIla rabbika muntahaha
MeaningTo your Lord is its final point.
This short verse answers the previous question: "To your Lord is its ultimate point." The prepositional phrase "ila rabbika" is a fronted predicate, and "muntahaha" is the delayed subject (mubtada'). Grammatically it asserts that the final knowledge and decree of the Hour belong to God alone.
Word by word i'rab
preposition (harf jarr)
It is a particle of genitive governance forming, with its noun, a fronted predicate.
indeclinableobject of preposition (majrur) with attached pronoun
The noun rabb is genitive after ila, and the suffixed pronoun ka is a possessive addressing the Prophet.
genitivedelayed subject (mubtada' mu'akhkhar) with attached pronoun
Muntaha is the nominative subject whose case-marking is estimated on the alif, and the pronoun ha refers to the Hour.
nominativeDetailed i'rab
The verse begins with the preposition ila, which together with its genitive noun rabbika forms a fronted predicate (khabar muqaddam) of the sentence. The noun rabb is governed in the genitive by ila, while the suffixed ka is a possessive pronoun in the genitive position addressing the Prophet. The final word muntahaha is the delayed subject (mubtada' mu'akhkhar) and is nominative, though its marker is estimated (muqaddar) on the closing alif because the word ends in a fixed long vowel. The attached ha is a possessive pronoun referring to the Hour. The fronting of the prepositional predicate before the subject produces emphasis and restriction, conveying that the Hour's ultimate determination rests solely with the Lord.
Frequently asked
Why is "muntahaha" the subject when it comes last?
When the predicate is a prepositional phrase placed first, the noun that completes the meaning becomes a delayed subject (mubtada' mu'akhkhar); here muntahaha is that subject.
Why is the case ending on "muntaha" not visible?
The word ends in a fixed long alif, so its nominative marker is estimated rather than pronounced (i'rab muqaddar).