I'rab of Surah Al-Inshiqaq Ayah 22: word by word Arabic grammar
Surah Al-Inshiqaq (الانشقاق) · Meccan · Ayah 22
بَلِ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ يُكَذِّبُونَ TransliterationBali lladhina kafaru yukadhdhibun
MeaningRather, those who disbelieve are denying it.
A turn of speech: rather, those who disbelieve actively reject the truth. The particle 'bal' shifts the discourse, a relative noun stands as subject, its relative clause names them as disbelievers, and the predicate verb states that they persist in denial.
Word by word i'rab
particle of transition (idrab)
It redirects the discourse, moving from the question to a stronger assertion about the disbelievers.
indeclinablesubject (mubtada'): relative noun
A relative noun in the nominative position serving as the subject of the sentence.
nominativeverb of the relative clause (silah)
A past-tense verb with its plural subject 'they'; the clause completes the meaning of 'those who'.
indeclinablepredicate (khabar): imperfect verb
Marfu' by the retained nun; this verbal clause is the predicate, stating they persist in denial.
nominativeDetailed i'rab
بَلِ is a particle of transition (idrab intiqali) that turns the discourse away from the rhetorical question toward a firmer charge. ٱلَّذِينَ is a relative noun functioning as the mubtada' (subject) in the nominative position. Its connector clause (silah) is كَفَرُوا۟, a past-tense verb whose subject is the embedded plural pronoun 'they'; this clause has no place in i'rab as it merely completes the relative noun. The predicate (khabar) of ٱلَّذِينَ is the verbal clause يُكَذِّبُونَ, where the verb is marfu' by the retained final nun of the sound masculine plural. The sentence therefore states emphatically that, far from any excuse, those characterized by disbelief are actively and continually giving the lie to the revelation.
Frequently asked
What does the particle بَل do here?
It is a particle of transition (idrab) that shifts the discourse from the prior question to a stronger statement about the disbelievers.
What is the subject and predicate of this sentence?
ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا is the subject (a relative noun with its clause), and the verbal clause يُكَذِّبُونَ is the predicate.