I'rab of Surah Al-Infitar Ayah 9: word by word Arabic grammar
Surah Al-Infitar (الانفطار) · Meccan · Ayah 9
كَلَّا بَلْ تُكَذِّبُونَ بِٱلدِّينِ TransliterationKallā bal tukadhdhibūna bid-dīn(i)
MeaningNo! Rather, you deny the Recompense.
"No! Rather, you deny the Recompense." كَلَّا is a particle of rebuke, بَلْ shifts to a new point, تُكَذِّبُونَ is a present-tense verb with the plural "you" as its subject, and بِٱلدِّينِ is a prepositional phrase attaching to that verb. The verse rebukes denial of the Day of Judgment.
Word by word i'rab
particle of rebuke
A particle of deterrence and rebuke, indeclinable, used to check and rebuke the addressee's attitude.
indeclinableparticle of transition (idrab)
A particle of transition that turns from one statement to another, here moving to the real point being made.
indeclinablepresent-tense verb + subject
A present-tense verb in the nominative "you deny," with the attached plural waw as its subject, addressing the deniers.
nominativeprepositional phrase (object of denial)
The preposition bi with al-din in the genitive forms a phrase attaching to "you deny," indicating what is denied: the Recompense.
genitiveDetailed i'rab
كَلَّا is an indeclinable particle of rebuke and deterrence, checking the human being's heedlessness described earlier. بَلْ is a particle of transition (idrab) that moves the discourse from the preceding rhetorical question to the actual indictment. تُكَذِّبُونَ is a present-tense verb marked nominative because no nullifying agent precedes it; the attached plural و is its subject ("you all"), and the verb addresses the deniers. The prepositional phrase بِٱلدِّينِ consists of the preposition بِ governing ٱلدِّينِ in the genitive, and it attaches in meaning to the verb تُكَذِّبُونَ, specifying the object of their denial as ad-din, the Day of Recompense and its reality.
Frequently asked
What is the function of كَلَّا?
It is a particle of rebuke and deterrence, rejecting the heedless attitude of the human being and warning against it.
Why is تُكَذِّبُونَ in the nominative?
Present-tense verbs default to the nominative when no particle of nullification or jussive governance precedes them, as is the case here.
What does بِٱلدِّينِ attach to grammatically?
It attaches to the verb تُكَذِّبُونَ, naming ad-din (the Recompense) as the thing being denied.