I'rab of Surah An-Nazi'at Ayah 36: word by word Arabic grammar
Surah An-Nazi'at (النازعات) · Meccan · Ayah 36
وَبُرِّزَتِ ٱلْجَحِيمُ لِمَن يَرَىٰ TransliterationWa burrizatil-jahimu li-man yara
MeaningAnd the Hellfire will be brought into view for whoever sees.
And the Blaze will be displayed for whoever sees. The wa is a conjunction, burrizat is a passive past-tense verb, al-jahim is its nominative deputy-subject, and li-man is a prepositional phrase attached to burrizat; the verb yara ('sees') follows within the relative man.
Word by word i'rab
passive past-tense verb (fi'l madi mabni lil-majhul)
The wa is a conjunction; burrizat is a passive past-tense verb 'was brought into view,' with the connecting kasra to ease two unvowelled letters.
indeclinabledeputy-subject (na'ib al-fa'il)
The deputy-subject of the passive verb, nominative, naming the blazing Fire that is displayed.
nominativeprepositional phrase (jarr wa majrur)
The preposition li ('for') with the relative man ('whoever'), attached to burrizat to show for whom it is displayed.
genitivepresent-tense verb (fi'l mudari')
A present-tense verb 'sees,' nominative by default, forming the relative clause of man with a hidden subject.
nominativeDetailed i'rab
The opening wa is a conjunction tying this verse to the previous one. Burrizat ('was brought into view') is a passive past-tense verb; its final vowel is a connecting kasra to prevent two unvowelled letters from meeting. Because the verb is passive, al-jahim ('the Blaze') functions as the deputy-subject (na'ib al-fa'il) and takes the nominative, naming the Fire that is put on display. The prepositional phrase li-man ('for whoever') attaches to burrizat and specifies the audience: the preposition li governs the relative pronoun man in the genitive. The present-tense verb yara ('sees') is nominative by default and forms the relative clause of man, its subject a concealed pronoun, completing 'for whoever sees.'
Frequently asked
Why is al-jahim nominative when burrizat is a verb?
Because burrizat is passive, al-jahim serves as its deputy-subject (na'ib al-fa'il), and the deputy-subject takes the nominative case.
What is the function of li-man?
It is a prepositional phrase attached to burrizat; li governs the relative man in the genitive, identifying for whom the Fire is displayed.