I'rab of Surah An-Nazi'at Ayah 26: word by word Arabic grammar
Surah An-Nazi'at (النازعات) · Meccan · Ayah 26
إِنَّ فِى ذَٰلِكَ لَعِبْرَةًۭ لِّمَن يَخْشَىٰٓ TransliterationInna fi dhalika la-'ibratan li-man yakhsha
MeaningIndeed, in that there is surely a lesson for whoever fears.
This verse affirms that in Pharaoh's fate lies a lesson for whoever fears God. Inna emphasizes the statement, the prepositional phrase fi dhalika serves as its fronted predicate, la-'ibratan is the emphasized noun of inna in the accusative, and li-man attaches as a description of 'ibrah.
Word by word i'rab
emphatic particle (harf tawkid)
Inna is a particle of emphasis that puts its noun in the accusative and its predicate in the nominative.
indeclinablepreposition (harf jarr)
Fi is a preposition governing the following demonstrative in the genitive.
indeclinableobject of preposition forming the fronted predicate of inna
Dhalika is a fixed demonstrative in the genitive position after fi; the whole prepositional phrase serves as the advanced predicate of inna.
genitivenoun of inna (ism inna) with emphatic lam
The prefixed lam is the emphatic al-muzahlaqa, and 'ibratan is the noun of inna in the accusative with tanwin.
accusativeprepositional phrase qualifying 'ibrah
Li- is a preposition and man is a relative pronoun in the genitive position, the phrase describing for whom the lesson exists.
genitivepresent verb in the relative clause
Yakhsha is a present-tense verb, nominative with an estimated damma on the final alif, its subject an implied he forming the relative clause of man.
nominativeDetailed i'rab
The verse begins with inna, an emphatic particle that places its noun in the accusative and its predicate in the nominative. The prepositional phrase fi dhalika comes first and functions as the fronted predicate of inna, with the demonstrative dhalika fixed in the genitive position after the preposition fi. The noun of inna is 'ibratan, carrying the emphatic lam al-muzahlaqa and standing in the accusative with tanwin; its fronting after the predicate is normal once the lam appears. The phrase li-man then qualifies 'ibrah as a description, with li- a preposition and man a relative pronoun. The verb yakhsha completes the relative clause; it is a present-tense verb, nominative with an estimated damma on its final alif, and its subject is an implied pronoun he.
Frequently asked
Why does عِبْرَة come after the predicate فِى ذَٰلِكَ?
When the predicate of inna is fronted, the noun of inna naturally follows; here the emphatic lam attached to 'ibratan also marks it clearly as the noun in the accusative.
What is the role of لِّمَن in the verse?
It is a prepositional phrase qualifying 'ibrah, specifying that the lesson is for whoever fears God; man is a relative pronoun heading the clause yakhsha.