I'rab of Surah Al-Mutaffifin Ayah 22: word by word Arabic grammar
Surah Al-Mutaffifin (المطففين) · Meccan · Ayah 22
إِنَّ ٱلْأَبْرَارَ لَفِى نَعِيمٍ TransliterationInnal-abraara lafee na'eem
MeaningIndeed, the righteous will be in bliss.
This verse uses the emphatic particle inna with its noun al-abrar in the accusative, then the lightened lam of emphasis on the prepositional phrase fi na'im, which forms the predicate of inna. The construction firmly affirms that the righteous are in delight, with two layers of emphasis reinforcing the promise.
Word by word i'rab
particle of emphasis (harf tawkid)
Inna is an emphatic particle that puts its noun in the accusative and its predicate in the nominative.
indeclinablenoun of inna (ism inna)
Al-abrar is the noun of inna in the accusative, shown by the fatha ending.
accusativeemphatic lam plus preposition
The lam is the lightened lam of emphasis prefixed for stress, and fi is a preposition introducing the location.
indeclinableobject of preposition forming the predicate of inna
Na'im is genitive after the preposition fi, and the prepositional phrase together stands in the place of the predicate of inna.
genitiveDetailed i'rab
The verse begins with inna, an emphatic particle that governs a nominal sentence by placing its noun in the accusative and its predicate in the nominative. Al-abrar, 'the righteous,' is therefore the noun of inna (ism inna) in the accusative, indicated by the fatha. The predicate is supplied by the prepositional phrase la-fi na'im: the lam attached to fi is the lightened lam of emphasis (lam al-muzahlaqa), added for further stress, while fi is a preposition and na'im its genitive object. This prepositional phrase occupies the place of the predicate (khabar) of inna. With the double emphasis of inna and the emphatic lam, the verse strongly affirms the abode of bliss reserved for the righteous.
Frequently asked
Why is al-abrar in the accusative case?
Because it is the noun governed by the emphatic particle inna, which puts its noun in the accusative. The case is marked here by the fatha ending.
What is the function of the lam in lafi?
It is the lightened lam of emphasis (lam al-muzahlaqa) that attaches to the predicate of inna for additional stress, reinforcing the certainty of the statement.